Friday, December 27, 2019

The Media And Its Impact On Society Essay - 1721 Words

Jim Morrison, an american song writer, singer and poet, once said, â€Å"Whoever controls the media, controls the mind†. The Media have becoming one of the most dominant source of education of the 21st century. We could argue that most americans use the media as their main source of information. The side effect on that is the fact that the media is very polarized. With the ongoing polarization, we could hypothesize that people would have been more politically educated and oriented if the media was not infiltrated. Mass media is expected to be educational. Public opinion relies on upon learning about what is happening in the nation and the world. The media furnishes the public with this learning through an assortment of means: radio, print news coverage, television and the Internet. Hence, the media makes national legislative issues conceivable. Without mass media, hopefuls would just have the capacity to keep running at the nearby level, where they could discuss actually with the electorate. Media makes it feasible for voters to acclimate themselves with competitors and stages notwithstanding when they are far away. Individuals require news/information for different reasons, on one hand it can be utilized to mingle and on the other to settle on choices and define opinions. Excitement would be the other capacity of the mass media where it is generally utilized by the masses to interest them in present day chaotic environment. Teaching the masses about their rights, good, socialShow MoreRelatedT he Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1723 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said, â€Å"Whoever controls the media, controls the mind†. The Media have become one of the most dominant source of education of the 21st century. We could argue that most Americans use the media as their main source of information. The side effect of that is the fact that the media are very polarized. With the ongoing polarization, we could hypothesize that people would have been more politically educated and oriented if the media was not infiltrated. Mass media are expected to be educational.Read MoreThe Media And Its Impact On Society1678 Words   |  7 Pages When you are young you don t realize that what you are watching on the television is shaping many of your beliefs, distorting what is fictional and what is reality. The media plays a huge role in stereotyping black people compared to white people which has a major impact in how we view the people in our world. When we are watching tv or listening to the radio and it is constantly relating the color of a person s skin to their actions. This causes the audience to associate these actions with aRead MoreThe Impact of Media on Society853 Words   |  3 PagesHow much of an impact does the media have on your life? How many hours do you spend on the phone, watching television, or browsing the internet? Whether you choose to believe it or not, the media plays an enormous role in our everyday lives, and its impacts continues to stretch as technological advancements and other inn ovative creations come into place. One of the largest groups that the media affects, we fear is our children. As media continuously grows and undergoes changes, more and more childrenRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesMedia can be defined as â€Å"the means of communication as radio and television, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet, that reach or influence people widely† and is fully ingrained into our society. In fact, according to Nielsen’s Total Audience Report, during the 1st Quarter of 2016, American adults consumed media at a daily average of 10 hours and 39 minutes. Media not only entertains us and serves as an important agent of communication, but also plays a crucial role in the socialization of culturalRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Society1435 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Mass media is a significant force in modern culture. Sociologists refer to this as a mediated culture where media reflects and creates the cul ture† (â€Å"The Role and Influence of Mass Media†, n.d, para.2). Media has affected to the most area of human life include relationship, education, careers, and entertainment. There were a lot of researches about the impacts of media to society from negative to positive effects; however, researchers were not pay attention to the impacts of media in inequalityRead MoreThe Media And Its Impact On Society1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe media plays a significant role in developing awareness on various different subjects. Without the media, people would be much less informed on many social and economic issues. The media can be credited for improvements in these sectors today as it engages the public to have an opinion of our on-going evolvements by releasing daily reports on such topics. In terms of charitable aid the media has greatly developed our awareness with a nature that influences us to feel sympathy for those less fortunateRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society16 96 Words   |  7 Pages Media has an impact on many of the population’s everyday life. It comes to no surprise that the media is closely related with body imaging. There are thousands of advertisements out in the media that depict images of beauty and physical attractiveness which are unrealistic. The masses see these images and think that they are achievable thus lowering the self-esteem of many. Many of these commercials and advertisements fall under the category of the following: weight loss, clothing, cosmetics andRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society Essay1903 Words   |  8 PagesMedia has been growing for a numerous amount of years, and it will only keep rising. You could say that nearly everyone around you has some sort of technological device or way in which they can access the media, these are what we call print, audio visual and on-line media. Print media includes things such as newspapers, magazines and even books, Audio visual media includes your TV, radio or even music and finally on-line media is mostly photos or videos that are spread over the internet. With theRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Society1853 Words   |  8 Pages In twenty first century, media is unavoidable in society. Every human being is exposed to countless media images, advertisements, magazines, TV shows in their everyday lives. Media is everywhere, it’s hard to avoid and there’s no escaping from it. Almost every home in America has a cell phone, internet connection, or a television. If not, billboard signs, magazines, and store advertisements are everywhere in society. Media is designed to advertise, entertain, giving informationRead MoreThe Impact Of The Media On Society1787 Words   |  8 PagesThe media is a major part of modern society today and holds immense powers over multiple organisations, it has the ability to influence opinions of society through its many channels which include â€Å"†¦ every broadcasting and narrowcasting medium such as newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, direct mail, telephone, fax and internet† (Business Dictionary, 2017). One of the greatest aspec ts of society that the media has power over are sporting organisations and the athletes that are associated

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Compare and Constrast Classical and Operant Conditioning

Compare and contrast classical and operant conditioning, their theories, terminology, famous psychologists and applications of the theory for teaching. Classical and operant conditioning are two important concepts central to behavioral psychology. While both result in learning, the processes are quite different. In order to understand how each of these behavior modification techniques can be used, it is also essential to understand how classical conditioning and operant conditioning differ from one another. Both classical and operant learning are psychological processes that lead to learning. Here learning refers to the process by which changes in behavior, including actions, emotions, thoughts, and the responses of muscles and glands,†¦show more content†¦Skinner’s reinforcement experiments conducted on rats showed the principles of operant conditioning. While working with rats, Skinner would place them in a Skinner box with a lever attached to a feeding tube. After multiple trials, rats learned the connection between the lever and food, and started to spend more time in the box procuring food than performing any ot her action. He used positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement to produce or inhibit specific target behaviors. Therefore, if a specific behavior is reinforced then the probability of that behavior occurring again is increased. Based on Skinner’s view, this theory can be applied to learning because learning is nothing more than a change in behavior. Operant conditioning encourages positive reinforcement, which can be applied in the classroom environment to get the good behavior you want and need from students. One of the ways of reinforcing a student’s behavior is through praise. Also teachers can build operant conditioning techniques into their lesson plans to teach children possible skills as well as good behaviors. For example: to give a smiley face, or motivational stamps to encourage children to perform correctly and encourage them to repeat such action again. One of the simplest ways to remember the differences between classical and operant conditioning is to focus on whether the behavior is

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Fringe Benefit Consequences-Free-Samples-Myassignmentshelp.com

Question: Advise both Charlie and Shine Homes about the fringe benefit Consequences of these events. You are required to Compute the taxable benefit where necessary. Answer: Introduction: The following study is concerned with the determination of the fringe benefit consequences of Shine Homes and Charlie. As evident from the following scenario Charlie is an employee of Shiney Homes Pty Ltd working as the real estate agent. Homes on the other hand performs a business of landscaping and provided Charlie with the 4 wheel drive sedan. As stated under Section 6 of the Miscellaneous Taxation Rulings and Fringe Benefit Tax Assessment Act 1986 it lays down the circumstances under which the fringe benefit tax will be tax will be levied on car (Miller Oats 2016). Determination of Car FBT As defined under the taxation rulings of MT 2027 personal use under sub-section 136 (1) any kind of use made by an employee or associates which is not completely used in the phase of generating taxable income of the employee will be considered as personal use (Pope et al., 2016). However, under sub-section 136 (1) a definition on the operating cost valuation method for commercial journey has been stated in effect of any kind of use of car other than the personal use made by an employee (Christie, 2015). As defined under paragraph 3 of the Miscellaneous Taxation Ruling 2027 details concerning the business journey is required to be recorded in the logbook or identical kind of document if the business kilometres travelled by the car are used in the determination of the personal use part of a car for the purpose of applying the operating cost method. Hence, it is found from the case study that Charlie travelled a total of 50,000 km relating to work. In determining the fringe benefit of t he car used by Charlie operational cost valuation method will be used in compliance with sub-section 136 (1) of the Miscellaneous Taxation Rulings of 2027 (FleurbaeyManiquet, 2015). A critical question arises in determination of the personal and commercial use. Therefore, whether the car used by the member of staff or the employee was wholly in the phase of the generating taxable earnings of the employee (Kabinga, 2015). This comprise of all the use that is completely made by the employee in the phase of acquiring or generating the taxable proceeds or performing the business activities for the purpose of generating the taxable proceeds in agreement with the sub section 136 (1). If further follows the use made in the phase of employment by the member of staff with the employer who presented the car for business carried on by the member of staff or an additional employment action of the employee might make up for business use of the car for Fringe Benefit Tax (Lang, 2014). Furthermore, use of car made by the employment during the phase of business that is carried on by the member of staff might similarly be considered as the business use for this purpose. From the given scenario of Charlie and Homes, it can be said that Charlie made the use of the car during the course of his employment with Charlie who provided him with the car to carry on the activities of the business. The use of car by Charlie constitutes business use of car in producing the assessable income of the employee and hence attracts Fringe Benefit Tax. The test involved in determining the business use and private use for FBT purpose is identical that has been defined under the income tax law in ascertaining whether the expenditure acquired in using the car are considered deductions under section 51 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. There are evidences from the case study that expenditure incurred by Charlie on car is for the employment use that can be completely considered for deductions for income tax purpose (Barkoczy, 2016). In ascertaining the differences between the personal and business use FBT can be used by raising the question whether Charlie had occurred expenditure on the use of the car and the expenses in the present case of Charlie would be considered as the allowable deduction for income tax. Operating Cost Method In the Books of Charlie For the year ended 2016/17 Particulars Amount ($) Petrol and oil per month 6000 Repairs and Maintenance per month 10500 Registration per annum 240 Insurance per annum 960 Car parking fee 2400 20100 Gross Taxable Value (a) 6030 Employee Contribution (b) 0 Taxable Value of the benefits 6030 In consistent with the present case study of Charlie and Homes, the guidelines from the Miscellaneous Taxation Rulings of 2027 established principles relating to Income tax (Snape De Souza, 2016). As evident, Charlie correspondingly in compliance with the requirement of Sub-division F of Division 3 of the income tax assessment act in ascertaining the expenses of car occurs the ruling and Homes are deductible for the purpose of income tax (Braithwaite, 2017). As stated in the taxation rulings of IT 112 the conclusion held in the case of Lunney and Hayley v FCT (1958) confirmed the circumstances that travelling between residence and an individuals usual place of employment or trade is considered as the ordinary private travel (Cao et al., 2015). Travelling to place of employment is regarded as the essential pre-requisite in generating the earnings and it is not regarded in the phase of earning that income. Therefore, the kilometres travelled by Charlie to his work will be considered as private and the fact that Charlie used the car during the course of his employment would not change the results. It is understood that the place of work or employment is significantly itinerant in nature (Saad, 2014). Citing the reference of Newsom v Robertson (1952) 2 All ER 728; (1952), the cost that is occurred by the barrister in travelling between his home to the place of his business would be considered as expenses. The court acknowledge that traveling the expenditure occured in travelling from home to chambers or to various courts in the course of day does not amounted to expenses. Log Book Method Computation In the books of Homes For the year ended 2016/17 Particulars Amount ($) Total Kilometres Travelled 80000 Distance travelled for Business use 50000 Distance travelled for Private use 30000 Percentage of Business Use 62.5 Expenses: Petrol and oil per month 6000 Repairs and Maintenance per month 10500 Registration per annum 240 Insurance per annum 960 Car parking fee 2400 Total Expenses 20100 Taxable value of the FBT 12562.5 Employment duties of an Itinerant Nature: From a long time, it has been recognized that travel by an member of staff from his home might comprise business travel on the circumstances that the nature of the office or unemployment is inherently itinerant (Woellner et al., 2016). Citing the reference of Simon in Taylor v Provan (1975) AC 194travel of Charlie will be regarded as employment travel since travel formed the fundamental part of his work (Robin, 2017). Furthermore, the terms of employment for Charlie required him to discharge his employment responsibilities at additional place of employment. According the FBT Act 1986, Charlie was using the car of his employer partly for work purpose and partly for private purpose (Blakelock King, 2017). Charlie incurred cost on petrol, repairs and maintenance, insurance and registration. Therefore, Charlie for the purpose of FBT deductions can claim the work related portion of petrol and repairs since it was used in gaining or producing the assessable income. Car parking fringe benefit: A car parking fringe benefit may originate if the employer present the car parking to the member of staff and all the subsequent state of affairs are met; The car is parked at the premise which is owned or leased under the direction of the contributor The car is parked for more than four hours The car is leased or owned or under the control of the employee The car is presented in relation of the employees employment The car is used by the employee to travel between the place of residence and work or work and home for a minimum of once in day There is a business-related parking place that imposes charge on a fee for all day parking within the radius of one kilometre of the premises As evident from the above stated conditions, Charlie has parked his car at a secure parking for which the employer Shine Homes paid $200 each week. It is found that the car was parked in Charlies garage and was under the control of the provider. The car was provided to Charlie in respect of his employment. Furthermore, Charlie used the car to travel from home to work and work to home each day (Fry, 2017). Therefore, a fringe will arise in context of the Charlie and Homes can claim deductions for the parking fees paid on behalf of his employee. FBT on accommodation: According to the Fringe Benefit Tax Act 1986, provision of entertain represents entertainment in the form of drink or recreation, accommodation or travel in connection with the entertainment (Williamson et al., 2017). As evident from the case study that Charlie has incurred a minor accident and was unable to use the vehicle for a period of 2 weeks. This took place a week prior to the Charlie wedding and Shine Homes undertook the decision of hiring the car for that period in order to allow Charlie to go his honeymoon. Furthermore, Shine Homes paid Charlies honeymoon accommodation. The current circumstances is in accordance with the fringe benefit tax provision and attracts tax liability for entertaining employees and non-employees for a weekend tour at the tourist place or offering them with the a holiday. From the given scenario it is found that Shine Homes paid the accommodations trip for Charlie and the same cannot be claimed as deductions for Charlie however, Shine Homes on the ot her hand can claim for deductions. Charlie is however required to declare such allowance in his tax return as income. Fringe Benefit Tax consequences of Charlie Homes The taxation rulings of TR 94/25are applicable to the employers and are held liable for tax that is imposed under the section 5 of the Fringe Benefit Tax Act 1986. The rulings provide that subsection 51 (1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 is applicable to claim for fringe benefits tax and taxpayers that are employers (IsmerJescheck, 2017). Specifically, the rulings is concerned with the timing of the fringe benefit and fringe benefit tax instalments that are incurred for the purpose of subsection 51 (1). According to the taxation rulings of TR 94/25 or fringe benefit tax instalments are generally occured in producing or generating taxable earnings that is unavoidably occured performing the business with the amount of those tax are deductible under the subsection 51 (1) of the ITAA(Gordon Keuschnigg, 2017). The liability for Fringe Benefit Tax for Shine Homes originates under the commonwealth legislation. As defined under section 5 of the Fringe Benefit Tax Act 1986, tax is generally imposed in accordance with the fringe benefits taxable sum of an employer during a year of tax (FleurbaeyManiquet, 2017). Citing the reference of Tubemakers of Australia Ltd v. FC of T93Fringe Benefit Taxable sum comprises of amount incurred in ordinary case represents the sum of all the values which is allocated to the numerous Fringe Benefit provided by Shine Homes to his employee Charlie (McDaniel, 2017). From the given scenario, it is evident that Shine Homes incurred several expenses such as honeymoon accommodation, car hire cost, parking fees and these expenses are incurred in gaining or producing assessable income (Bankman et al., 2017). In compliance with subsection 51 (1) of the ITAA 1997 the expenses incurred by Shine Homes was incurred in generating the taxable earnings that is inevitably occured in carrying on of a business and shall be considered as a deductible expenses. Conclusion: To conclude with it is found from the case study that fringe benefit expenses events are taxable under the FBT Act 1986. The study takes into the considerations the relevant sections and case laws in arriving at the decision related to car fringe benefit. The use of car by Charlie constitutes business use of car in producing the assessable income of the employee and hence attracts Fringe Benefit Tax. Reference List: Bankman, J., Shaviro, D. N., Stark, K. J., Kleinbard, E. D. (2017).Federal Income Taxation. Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Barkoczy, S. (2016). Foundations of Taxation Law 2016.OUP Catalogue. Blakelock, S., King, P. (2017). Taxation law: The advance of ATO data matching.Proctor, The,37(6), 18. Braithwaite, V. (Ed.). (2017).Taxing democracy: Understanding tax avoidance and evasion. Routledge. Cao, L., Hosking, A., Kouparitsas, M., Mullaly, D., Rimmer, X., Shi, Q., ...Wende, S. (2015). Understanding the economy-wide efficiency and incidence of major Australian taxes.Treasury WP,1. Christie, M. (2015). Principles of Taxation Law 2015. Fleurbaey, M., Maniquet, F. (2015).Optimal taxation theory and principles of fairness(No. 2015005). Universitcatholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE). Fleurbaey, M., Maniquet, F. (2017).Optimal income taxation theory and principles of fairness(No. UCL-UniversitCatholique de Louvain). Fry, M. (2017). Australian taxation of offshore hubs: an examination of the law on the ability of Australia to tax economic activity in offshore hubs and the position of the Australian Taxation Office.The APPEA Journal,57(1), 49-63. Gordon, R., Keuschnigg, C. (2017). Introduction on Trans-Atlantic Public Economics Seminar: Personal Income Taxation and Household Behavior. Ismer, R., Jescheck, C. (2017). The Substantive Scope of Tax Treaties in a Post-BEPS World: Article 2 OECD MC (Taxes Covered) and the Rise of New Taxes.Intertax,45(5), 382-390. Kabinga, M. (2015). Established principles of taxation.Tax justice poverty. Lang, M. (2014).Introduction to the law of double taxation conventions. LindeVerlag GmbH. McDaniel, P. R. (2017).FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION. Foundation Press. Miller, A., Oats, L. (2016).Principles of international taxation. Bloomsbury Publishing. Pope, T. R., Rupert, T. J., Anderson, K. E. (2016).Pearson's Federal Taxation 2017 Individuals. Pearson. ROBIN, H. (2017).AUSTRALIAN TAXATION LAW 2017. OXFORD University Press. Saad, N. (2014). Tax knowledge, tax complexity and tax compliance: Taxpayers view.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, 1069-1075. Snape, J., De Souza, J. (2016).Environmental taxation law: policy, contexts and practice. Routledge. Williamson, A., Luke, B., Leat, D., Furneaux, C. (2017). Founders, Families, and Futures: Perspectives on the Accountability of Australian Private Ancillary Funds.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 0899764017703711. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C., Pinto, D. (2016). Australian Taxation Law 2016.OUP Catalogue

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Yellow Wallpaper Essays (2557 words) - Mental Illness In Fiction

Yellow Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper - A Descent into Madness In the nineteenth century, women in literature were often portrayed as submissive to men. Literature of the period often characterized women as oppressed by society, as well as by the male influences in their lives. The Yellow Wallpaper presents the tragic story of a woman's descent into depression and madness. Gilman once wrote Women's subordination will only end when women lead the struggle for their own autonomy, thereby freeing man as well as themselves, because man suffers from the distortions that come from dominance, just as women are scarred by the subjugation imposed upon them (Lane 5). The Yellow Wallpaper brilliantly illustrates this philosophy. The narrator's declining mental health is reflected through the characteristics of the house she is trapped in and her husband, while trying to protect her, is actually destroying her. The narrator of the story goes with her doctor/husband to stay in a colonial mansion for the summer. The house is supposed to be a place where she can recover from severe postpartum depression. She loves her baby, but knows she is not able to take care of him. It is fortunate Mary is so good with the baby. Such a dear baby! And yet I cannot be with him, it makes me so nervous (Gilman 642). The symbolism utilized by Gilman is somewhat askew from the conventional. A house usually symbolizes security. In this story the opposite is true. The protagonist, whose name we never learn, feels trapped by the walls of the house, just as she is trapped by her mental illness. The windows of her room, which normally would symbolize a sense of freedom, are barred, holding her in. (Biedermann 179, 382). From the outset the reader is given a sense of the domineering tendencies of the narrator's husband, John. The narrator tells us: John is a physician, and perhaps ? (I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind) ? perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster (Gilman 640). It is painfully obvious that she feels trapped and unable to express her fears to her husband. You see, he does not believe I am sick. And what can one do? If a physician of high standing and one's own husband assures friends and relatives that there is really nothing the matter with one but temporary nervous depression ? a slight hysterical tendency ? what is one to do? Her husband is not the only male figure who dominates and oppresses her. Her brother, also a doctor, says the same thing (Gilman 640-641). Because the story is written in diary format, we feel especially close to this woman. We are in touch with her innermost thoughts. The dominance of her husband, and her reaction to it, is reflected throughout the story. The narrator is continually submissive, bowing to her husband's wishes, even though she is unhappy and depressed. Her husband has adopted the idea that she must have complete rest if she is to recover. This is a direct parallel to Gilman's life, wherein during her illness she was treated by a doctor who introduced her to the rest cure. She was instructed to live a domestic life, only engage in intellectual activities two hours a day, and never to touch pen, brush, or pencil again as long as she lived (Gilman 640). In this story, the narrator's husband, John, does not want her to work. So I . . . am absolutely forbidden to ?work' until I am well again(Gilman 641). John does not even want her to write. There comes John, and I must put this away ? he hates to have me wri te a word(Gilman 642). It is also a direct allusion to Gilman's personal experience that the narrator is experiencing severe postpartum depression. Gilman suffered from the same malady after the birth of her own daughter (Gilman 639). It is interesting that the room her husband chooses for them, the room the narrator hates, is the nursery. The narrator describes the nursery as having barred windows and being atrocious (Gilman 641-642). The narrator's response to the room is a further